One of the things that right-libertarians like to drag out to attempt to justify their 'my third merc is more morally important than whether you have enough to live a minimally decent life' schtick is the claim that taxes on labour are, by virtue of the products of your labour going to someone other than yourself without your consent, slavery. This is bollocks: mere coercive appropriation of the products of labour does not slavery make, as, for example, cursory consideration of a case where someone steals something from me, where I worked either to make that thing or to gain the money to buy it, indicates. What is morally troubling about slavery, I think, is not the loss of the products of labour, but the loss of autonomy, of the slave's total lack of control over their own lives.
Slaves are compelled to do as their master pleases, and admittedly, often what their master pleases includes giving up the products of their labour so the master can sell them on, but that is not the core of the problem: it falls under the broader category of being compelled to do as their master pleases. Income tax would presumably be like slavery if, rather than taking a statutorily limited part product of labour, the state had a totally unaccountable power to take as much of the product of labour as it pleased, to direct your labour utterly as it desired and to do absolutely anything it liked should you fail to do any of these things. Under these conditions, it would replicate the relationship of total dominance between master and slaves, but it doesn't, so...
What's interesting though, is that there are a set of possible institutions which would exercise slaveowner-like power over at least some of those who lived within them - the right-libertarian vision of a free society, where if I don't work, passing control over a substanial part of my waking hours to an effectively unlimited despot, unless I have assets, friends or family on whom I can rely for support, or some beneficent magnate feels pity for me, I'd starve to death. I'd say the requirement to do as the market and its associated institutions pleases, in the absence of an adequate safety net, or else risk death is fairly bloody coercive, so coercive in fact that I feel justified in saying, 'if income tax is slavery, all right-libertarians are aspirant slaveowners'.
Wednesday, November 02, 2005
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
7 comments:
I'm really tempted towards the 'threats don't diminish liberty' line, which I always thought fairly 'libertarian'.
If correct though, the fact that people have a choice of work for gross pay -20% tax or don't work isn't problematic. Sure we change their option payoffs, but no one forces them to work. Anyone who chooses to work at the publicised tax rate can't complain, imho.
(And you're quite right the state is effectively maximising/equally distributing everyone's freedom - not just those who happen to be talented and want more freedom for themselves at cost to others)
I'm quite skeptical about the threats don't diminish liberty line, if only for the reason that it implies that slaves are only slaves when physically constrained. I think, generally, the mistake that at least right-, if not left-, libertarians make is that they underestimate the coerciveness of life in general, rather than overestimate it, which would be the implication of the threats don't diminish liberty line on taxes.
I think it must depend somehow on options you have available. 'Your money or your life' are two unacceptably bad options (in most contexts requiring that choice)
Someone who knows they must pay income tax faces, I think, a sufficient range (quantity and quality) of acceptable options. At least, the rich and talented 'me' of someone like Nozick. Cohen's right the poor may not be so free, but that's why redistribution is justified...
Indeed, taxation and other forms of aggression-through-government are so taken for granted in our culture that one of our most popular sayings is that "nothing is certain except death and taxes." Yet slavery was once as universal. Taxation is thought to be indispensable to civilization today, just as slavery once was. Advocates of taxation claim that since most people pay assigned taxes before the guns show up, they have implicitly agreed to it as the price of living in "society." Most slaves obeyed their master before he got out the whip, yet we would hardly argue that this constituted agreement to their servitude. Today, we have an enlightened perspective on slavery, just as one day we will have an enlightened perspective on taxes and other forms of aggression we now think of as "the only way."
Well done, anonymous, for showing just how bloody ridiculous right-libertarians are by commenting on a post which attempts to show that taxation and slavery are most definitely not the same thing, that indeed a society without redistributive transfers would approximate to slavery for many, and saying that hopefully eventually we will come to regard taxation as the same as slavery, not appearing to realise that the argument of the post is that this would be a moral disaster.
For the government to threaten action of violence, or your freedom (i/e. jail), or have your property taken away cannot be constituted as freedom. If you choose not to pay taxes, and have no choice in which taxes you may contribute to, the government takes away your liberty.
Citizens are held to the standard that is it illegal to steal. To give a bunch of rich guys that ability just because they are in government is irrational.
Government exists to perpetuate itself. Would you rather give your money to a charity or would you donate it to the government? I don't see you volunteering to give it to the government. We know that they constantly lose money, are totally corrupt, and even give your money away to big corporations. Their friends, basically. People should be given choices. That is what freedom is about.
Charity starts at home.
Jennifer,
1) the whole point of income taxes is that you never had property rights in that proportion of your gross income which you lose through income taxes in the first place, so the claim "For the government to threaten action of violence, or your freedom (i/e. jail), or have your property taken away cannot be constituted as freedom" is either irrelevant or question-begging. This also applies to your analogy with theft.
2) "People should be given choices. This is what freedom is about." If this is the case, it hardly seems to me that income tax threatens freedom. Firstly, income tax does not prevent people from choosing. As the post outlines, it does not require people to take particular options, it merely changes the pay-offs attached to those options (and usually not even - substantially at least - the relative pay-offs; only the absolute pay-offs). Secondly, even if income tax were to prevent people from taking certain options, there would remain the question of whether it prevented people from taking more options than a world without income tax does. This is the burden of the argument about laissez-faire capitalism coercing people.
Post a Comment